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Working in partnership with local authorities

Information Sheet No 3

Putting together a winning tender
Top tips for winning contracts
Case studies
Top tips for community recyclers
Top tips for local authorities
Further sources of training,help and information
Types of community group
Types of local authority
Details of information you may be asked to provide

Putting together a winning tender

Every week somewhere in the country a local authority will be looking for an organisation to deliver their recycling services… so how do you, the community recycler, get the job?

Local authorities (LAs) are bound by legislation to accept tenders for contracts for delivery of services costing over a fixed amount. This amount can differ from LA to LA and different LAs will have standing orders that mean they have to tender over a certain amount. This may be £10,000 or it could be a much smaller amount so the group will need to check with the local authority it is tendering for work for. As well as a minimum turnover, authorities will invariably make some sort of financial check to ensure the company is on a sound financial footing. More often than not, companies will be asked to organise and submit a bond to be held by the authority for the duration of the contract. This can be organised through specialist insurance companies. Companies are categorised as 'high risk' for good reason and to ensure the authorities' duty to safeguard public finance is discharged.

When invited to tender, particularly for larger contracts under the EU procurement regulations, authorities should set out the evaluation criteria, which now no longer requires the acceptance of the lowest tender bid. The reason for this is twofold, firstly to ensure that bidders do not under price to such an extent that they are unable to fulfill the contract and secondly to enable Best Value principles to be applied. This latter point is important, as this is where aspects such as quality of service and employment practices are prevalent. Local authorities will have procurement criteria they must stick to. When the current contract comes to an end they must re-tender the work.

Firstly they will put together their criteria. They may decide to;

a) tender the whole waste management contract at once. This will include not only waste collection and recycling, but could also include street cleaning, public conveniences, autumn leaves clearance etc…, or
b) split the contract and allow organisations to tender for the separate parts.

If option a) is chosen for your area then you may not be able to tender just for the recycling element (but it's worth a phone call to ask just in case). Therefore you will have to get in touch with other organisations that can deliver the other elements and bid together. Often this will mean negotiating with a large waste management company. Building up a relationship with your local authority may enable you to have some influence prior to the contract being drawn up.

Most LAs will need to get three quotes (or at least try) before they can proceed. Obviously getting a quote is a lot less work than going out to tender and this kind of work will be for smaller values but it does differ from local authority to local authority. Best to check with the individual local authority to find out exactly what they need before proceeding.

If the work is likely to be more than 250,000 euros (around £190,000) then the council must advertise it in the European Journal to let everyone in the whole of Europe know that this work is available to tender for. This is a much lengthier process and can take up to 12 weeks before you finally get all your information from interested parties.

All LAs must place their intention to tender on an European register to allow fair access to the information. There are various ways to receive this. There are email services that send details of contracts using key words. The Business Information Service runs a TRACKER service that costs about £1,000 a year. There are also publications that carry notifications, such as Materials Recycling Week (MRW) and Local Government Tenders (LGT) that is free. Tender information also appears on the letsrecycle.com website http://www.letsrecycle.com/tenders/index.jsp and the Tenders Direct website http://www.tendersdirect.co.uk/. If you work in a very specific area you could ring your Local Authority and find out when their contracts are likely to be re-tendered. The Chartered Institution of Wastes Management provides information on tenders - visit http://www.ciwm.co.uk/. CRN alert relevant members about appropriate tenders.

Many authorities first publish an expression of interest, which gives you at least 37 days to apply. This is usually a short questionnaire that is used to assess whether you will be invited to tender for the contract. This saves you and the council time as the full tender documents take a long time to prepare and a long time for them to read!

For the expression of interest you will have to provide basic company details and will be asked to provide copies of accounts. You may also be asked for your polices e.g. Health and Safety, Environment, Quality Standards, Equal Opportunities etc. You may have to provide details of other contracts you currently hold. These will be assessed against the procurement criteria. Some tenders require the organisation to have a minimum turnover before being considered to apply to tender. Find out if this is the case if your organisation's turnover is too small consider whether you could form an appropriate partnership to be able to meet this minimum turnover figure. In the past this has worked against some community recyclers as the scale of our operations maybe assessed as 'high risk'. If you are not invited to tender, always ask why, it'll help you next time.

Assuming you are invited to tender you will be sent a questionnaire (See Appendix 2 for a list of details you may be asked to provide). You should also receive a detailed description of the recycling scheme the LA wishes to implement. It could supply its waste strategy, maps, TUPE(1) information, special collections etc. You may also be able to visit the sites and meet the LA Officers to ask questions. Analyse this and work out how you can deliver the service and what it will cost you. You can ask questions for additional information, as local authorities will answer questions from everyone tendering for the contract.

(1)TUPE: (Transfer of Undertakings [Protection of Employment] Regulations 1981) If there are already people working on an existing recycling service their jobs will be protected under TUPE legislation. You'll need details of their salary, pension and terms and conditions for your financial projections.

You will have to prepare method statements, i.e. a written explanation of what you will do, how you will do it, what resources you will use, and what timescales you will be working to etc. Remember to include publicity methods, customer care procedures, how you will contribute to Best Value etc. When preparing your pricing schedules don't undersell yourself and remember to include contingencies for events such as vehicle breakdowns and staff shortages. Remember even a 'not-for-profit' organisation can't afford to make a loss.

You may feel that the service the LA has stipulated could be improved upon. Always supply information based on their criteria, but there's nothing stopping you adding additional information describing how you could do the work better. Do you practice open book accounting? You may want to sell this as a bonus feature of your tender.

There will be a deadline for submitting the tender (at least 40 days) and a lot of work to do; so don't leave it until the last minute! Once you've submitted your tender you will probably be asked for an interview, treat this like you would any job interview - be smart and be prepared.

When the decision has been made (there could be quite a wait) you should be notified within seven days. If you didn't get the work you are entitled to feedback. Always worth doing so you learn lessons for next time. If you do get the work… Congratulations! It's the start of long relationship.

Remember its not only local authorities who need recyclers, health trusts, Government departments, MOD, police, utility companies, universities, colleges etc… ALL use tendering to secure the services they need.

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Top tips for winning contracts

1. Target your market. Know what you are good at. For instance if you are an effective campaigning group, can you also deliver, with project management skills? (Remember you can always employ someone who has if you get the work!)
2. If you can't do it well, don't do it at all. If you cannot do it well now think about how you could prepare for being able to tender in future. Tendering takes time, so make sure you put every effort into drawing up a quality bid. Make your tender accurate, clear and simple. Set yourself timescales and plan to complete it a few days before the deadline (this will give you a slight cushion if it doesn't go all to plan). Remember, presentation matters. Always get someone to proof read it before it goes in the post.
3. Set up a team and photocopy the tender documents. Keep the good copy to be presented and give everyone who is working on the bid with you a copy. If you have people with different skills get them to help you, particularly if you are not experienced at putting together costing and budgets.
4. Have information to hand. Keep copies of your company certificate of incorporation, company policies, insurance documents together in a file, so you don't waste time searching for these documents. If you have to start writing policies at this stage you'll have problems finding the time to finish the tender. Local authorities are hot on Equal Opportunities, Quality Standards and Health and Safety. Get copies of their policies to make sure yours conform to theirs. You may be required to achieve ISO 14001 or Investors in People status, having these may certainly be to your advantage.
5. Read the criteria a few times and understand what is required. Be sure - ask questions. Remember that the answers will be circulated to all the bidders, so be careful how you phrase things. You don't want to give away any competitive advantage. It's a good idea to do a SWOT analysis - Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Play to your strengths, highlight the opportunities, try to avoid the threats and mitigate what others might perceive as your weaknesses. Show how you will provide 'Added value' such as local employment or training.
6. Put forward a variant if you wish, but always put forward a compliant bid. A compliant bid is one that meets all the requirements set by the tender to the letter. A variant or non-compliant bid is one that deviates from the exact requirements requested in that it may include a suggested alternative service that you consider would provide better value or would be more efficient.
7. Spend lots of time making sure your figures are right. Although decision-making won't be made just on price, cash strapped LAs will be wanting excellent value for money.
8. Emphasise your enthusiasm for partnership working. This means both sides can develop a good service for the public rather than nit picking over the letter of a contract.
9. Working with organisations with different cultures can be problematic, try to be aware of this.
10. Play to win! Practice self-belief and positive thinking. Community recycling is the future and your organisation will make it happen. However don't be conceited and give the impression this work is your 'right'.

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Community recyclers and local authorities working in partnership

You will often see the phrase 'Working in Partnership' but what does it actually mean in practice? How does it differ from a normal contractual relationship?

Case Study 1 - Avon Friends of the Earth and Bath and North East Somerset Council

Avon Friends of the Earth established Bath and North East Somerset (BaNES) Community Recycling in partnership with Bath and North East Somerset Council. Together we have established weekly multi-material kerbside collections to every household throughout the area, which ranges from Bath city centre to the rural Chew Valley. We have a partnership agreement and believe this is the way forward for other community recyclers. The partnership agreement sets out all the criteria that a contract would contain but also includes reference to our mutual understanding and co-operation regarding the development of the recycling service.

Working in partnership is about the spirit of the relationship rather than words on paper. Working in partnership is about open communication and sharing the responsibility for a high quality service. In BaNES we have clearly defined responsibilities i.e.

· the LA determines policy, provides and owns the capital resources and takes responsibility for public information and advice,

· Avon Friends of the Earth is responsible for operational issues, sales and marketing of materials and employs all staff needed for the operations.

In addition to this, we are always looking for ways to improve and develop. For instance we have advised on the waste strategy and encouraged the LA to adopt a policy of Zero Waste. Also we have been able to attract landfill tax funding and other grants to the area, which funded research and development initiatives such as organic waste collection trials and the Working Horse Project. The partnership has allowed creativity, boosted recycling rates and provided better services for residents. The benefits of partnership working were recognised when the LA achieved Beacon Status in 2001.

It is important to remember that the local authority is our customer as well as the public we collect from. We have a formal document that specifies how and when we will be paid, the standards we must achieve to who will be responsible for different aspects of the contract etc. However we view this contract as the minimum and are looking for ways to improve customer satisfaction.

One way to promote a culture of openness between the LA and the community recycler is to practice open book accounting. We feel if it can be shown that public funds are being ploughed straight into public services we are more likely to get the support of others.

Please Note: Avon Friends of the Earth were taken over by ECT Recycling who now run this contract in partnership with BANES Council

Case Study 2 - Doncaster Community Recycling Partnership

The idea of partnership has been adopted around the country. In Doncaster the Metropolitan Borough Council has seconded a Client Officer to Doncaster Community Recycling Partnership (DCRP). She will be working as a Project Manager for the partnership and will be developing the partnership agreement, improving policies and procedures for service provision. This will enable the partnership to achieve the Metropolitan Borough Council's recycling targets and their Zero Waste vision for the future. This method of sharing expertise and accessing necessary skills is another example of how partnerships can develop.

Remember contracts still have to be drawn up and adhered to, to protect both parties legally. However if you can establish a Partnership relationship you should be able to work cooperatively and creatively to make a difference on the local waste stream.

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Top tips for working in partnership

Top tips for community recyclers

1. Establish a good relationship. You don't have to spend hours on the golf course or at the pub to establish a good relationship. It's amazing how many apparent problems are down to clashes of personality. Getting off on the right foot with anybody you're working with is very important. You don't have to be best buddies but if you can find some common ground, that's not just work based, you'll get much more achieved together.


2. Be Professional. Although recyclers are far more likely to wear fluorescent jackets and steel toe capped boots, there is still a perception of beards, woolly jumpers and sandals. If you want to be taken seriously then remember what you wear, what you do and what you say will influence how others perceive you and your organisation. For some organisations not wearing a tie will be very radical!

3. Be Realistic. Don't promise more than you can deliver, you'll never exceed people's expectations that way. It is tempting to do things for free, or because you can't bear to see things wasted. However remember you've got to provide a service that is sustainable -which means financially viable.

4. Be Positive. Long meetings and the wants of those in the hierarchy can be frustrating and make you wonder if anything will ever change. Understand the system and try to work within it to achieve what you want.

5. Don't be put off by authority. You can communicate with anyone whether it's the Director of Services or your local bin man. Don't assume that those higher up the chain of command will necessarily understand more about recycling issues.

Although the right approach varies between individual local authorities you might want to consider the following points as ways to approach your LA.

· Build up a relationship with your local authority prior to applying to tender. Make contact with the Local Agenda 21 officer or Recycling officer and let them know about your project and what you are achieving. Send them promotional material and if possible try to arrange a visit to your project or a meeting with them to promote your project and to consider how you could work together to further mutual aims.

· Check out the LA's website or publications department and try to find out as much background information about their current waste strategy. Waste collection authorities (and therefore also unitary authorities) are required to produce and publicise waste recycling plans. Try to find out about which companies have been given tendering contracts previously with the local authority and if they are pursuing policies of sustainable development that would make your organisation a more attractive prospect.

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Top tips for local authority officers

1. Determine the type and scope of the community groups you wish to work with (See Appendix 1 overview of types of groups).

2. Meet face-to-face with the community recyclers to determine the aims of the organisation. Identify where synergies between the two organisations exist. Remember that both organisations will roughly be trying to achieve the same goals - you are not in competition.

3. Flexibility is key - other organisations might not have the same procedures and protocols which you abide by - you may need to allow some flexibility in the way you work with them.

4. Community recyclers can often be exceedingly committed - try to harness rather than quash that commitment. Encourage them and provide support if available. If financial assistance is available, make sure it is appropriate to the capacity of the organisation.

5. Use the perspective of the community recyclers - provide them with options - but also put across your perspective so that they understand how long things can take in local authorities - not through any fault of the officers.

6. Speak to other local authority officers who work with community recyclers and see how their relationships developed.

7. Discuss your legal recycling targets as well your aspirations as a local authority with the community group and ask how they may be able to fit in with these and help to achieve them.

Thanks to Adam Symons, Waste Strategy Manager at Oxfordshire County Council; for these tips for local authority officers. If you have any other tips or pearls of wisdom to add, please email them to us at CRN info@crn.org.uk.

Checklist of some issues Local Authorities (LAs) working with the community sector in recycling and reuse activities

How LAs can help existing groups progress:

· By recognition of the community sector's specific 'added value', and by putting that recognition into practice in as many ways as possible (eg in LA mass publicity, genuine consultation on strategy, training of LA reception service point staff, etc.)

· Tendering issues: see CRN /LA partnership document. Consider splitting contracts into component parts, building in social economy principles into procurement criteria, etc. Relate to BVPIs, and use added value criteria which fit into local urban renewal strategies.

· Build best practice community sector activity into strategic plans. Make links across the authority, especially with influential/key personnel - eg in Housing, Social Services, Education, with reference to particular activities. Be an advocate for the sector in the authority.

· Bridge building between officers, the community sector and politicians (where necessary!).

· In kind support where possible: eg vehicle maintenance, premises or land, hosting meetings, etc.

· Working towards formal partnership arrangements / service agreements (cf beware 'contracts' in CRED). Highlight State Aid current situation with ref. to CRED.

· Steering group / management committee representation on local management committees (where possible) - this helps in issues around 'influence', benefit/burden, communication, etc.

· Offer 3rd party recycling credits for valid activity (lots of precedents across the country). Helping with funding.

· Work together to maximise potential from CRED/DEFRA/ EU funds etc. to get optimum match funding and value from individual streams..

· Look out for other in kind/ business possibilities through the wider connections on waste disposal that the LA enjoys (eg sponsorship possibilities or donations of equipment, etc.) Jude Warrender, CRN, July '03.

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Further sources of training, help and information

Support offered by the CRN:

The CRN sends out relevant tenders to its members in targeted emails and by post where necessary.

Tendering training:

If you haven't completed a tender document before, then a day on a training course could be a good investment of time. The Business Information Service run seminars around the country called 'Playing to win'. It's pricey at £360+VAT per delegate (although you can take a second delegate half price!). It is aimed at any company tendering to Government organisations and features good practical advice and a helpful handouts. Tel: 0141 332 8247 or try the web site at www.bipcontracts.com. An organisation called CS tendering services also provides training on various aspects of tendering their website address is. www.cstendering.com It may be a good idea to see if a fellow CRN member can recommend a particular course.

Getting your policies up to scratch:

If you think your company policies could do with an update then your local Chamber of Commerce or Community Service Volunteers may run training courses. Legislation on Equal Opportunities and Employment Law are changing all the time. Get yourself on mailing lists and join organisations that keep you in touch with what's happening in the voluntary/community sector locally.

Accessing information on current tenders:

For up-to-the-minute information about relevant tenders you can register with various websites. Two examples are: http://www.bipcontracts.com BiP publishes European public sector tender notices supplied to the Official Journal of the European Communities (OJEC). TRACKER is its daily contract information search service. It searches the EC databases of contract announcements and delivers the pre-defined results to subscribers (via email) every working day. Currently, BiP is offering the chance to take advantage of a one-month FREE trial to TRACKER - this will allow you to build your own profile and receive live contracts. As well as receiving daily emails of relevant contract opportunities, you will also be given access to all BiP contract information. http://www.tendersdirect.co.uk/ The Tenders Direct website provides access to over 30,000 current government and utility company contracts in the UK and Europe. Tenders Direct is provided on a subscription basis and you must register for one of the services before you can search for tenders. You can try out the service free of charge for 10 days before deciding to subscribe. There are three different levels of subscription Bronze, Silver or Gold.
Bronze is a free service and provides the following facilities:
· search for and list the titles of current tender notices,
· view contract award notices and expired notices in full,
· use the other facilities such as the news, library and help services.

Note: The Bronze service will NOT enable you to view extracts of tender notices, download full tender notices, set up a search profile and purchase credits.

There is a free 30-day trial of the Silver service but after this period you can revert to the Bronze service. Please consult the Tenders Direct website for more detailed information on the services provided. Tender information also appears on the letsrecycle.com website http://www.letsrecycle.com/tenders/index.jsp Finding help: If you need help, stop struggling and start asking for advice and find an expert, your Chamber of Commerce, the local college… anybody you can think of. If they don't know they might be able to point you in the right direction. Most people will give you five minutes on the phone, but don't expect them to drop everything to answer your questions. If you can use email they'll be able to respond to you when they have time to think about your problem and give you the best advice.

Many thanks also to: Peter Hooper (Hastings Borough Council), Heidi Seary, (Community Recycling and Economic Development Fund) Tammy Dickinson (London Community Recycling Network) Emma Hallett Naomi Johnson, Pea Saunders, and Andy Nelmes (Community Recycling Network) for their helpful comments, suggestions and contributions to the document. Please email info@crn.org.uk if you have any comments or queries.

Appendix 1

Types of community group

Local authority staff often find the plethora of groups in the community sector very confusing.

Here's a brief guide:

1. Campaign and action groups.

A small group of willing and concerned folk who want to see change on an issue. These might have formed as a local waste action group concerned about waste. Alternatively they might be affiliated to a national organisation e.g. Friends of the Earth. These groups will probably not have paid staff, or even any formal constitution but are capable of making a lot of noise and able to get great things done on a local level.

2. Community waste management organisations

These groups provide recycling, re-use and waste minimisation services. They vary in size from small local organisations to large organisations serving hundreds of thousands of households through kerbside collection schemes. These organisations can have a variety of different legal designations including charitable or not-for-profit status. Many of them were originally campaign and action groups. Some organisations combine both activities.

3. Membership and umbrella organisations/consortia/partnerships.

These are various organisations have been set up to represent other organisations or campaign on issues of collective interest. These can have a local, regional or national bias.

Examples include:

a. Waste Watch: A national organisation set up to promote waste reduction, re-use and recycling. It is a charity and organisations around the UK are members.

b. CRN: A national organisation set up to represent the interests of community recyclers across the UK. It is a not-for-profit company.

c. The Recycling Consortium: An organisation set up by community recyclers in the Bristol area to, educate and work with the local community on waste reduction, reuse and recycling.

d. Doncaster Community Recycling Partnership (see the case study page)

Types of local authority

1.Waste collection authorities (WCA)
Waste collection authorities have a duty to collect household waste except in certain prescribed circumstances. They are usually borough or district councils. They also have a duty to collect commercial waste if requested to do so and can also collect industrial waste. Waste collected can be recycled or if not it must be delivered to the appropriate waste disposal authority. Since April 1st 2000 waste collection authorities have been subject to Best Value under the Local Government Act 1999. Services must meet clear standards of cost and quality by the most efficient, effective and economic means available in order to deliver continuous improvement in services. Waste collection authorities also have a duty to prepare and publicise waste recycling plans.

2.Waste disposal authorities (WDA)

Waste disposal authorities are responsible for the safe disposal of municipal waste arising in a particular geographical area they are usually county councils. Waste disposal authorities pay Recycling credits to waste collection authorities, for material recycled that avoids disposal costs and to support their recycling activities. 3.Unitary Authorities Unitary Authorities combine waste collection and waste disposal responsibilities.

For a full description of the roles and responsibilities of these different authorities please consult Waste Strategy 2000 pages 58-63 on the DEFRA website at: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/waste/strategy/cm4693/pdf/wastv2_1.pdf

Appendix 2

Information you may have to provide when tendering for a contract

This is not a definitive list and you may not be asked for all these details.
General Details
Name of Organisation
Status of Organisation e.g.
Company Limited by Guarantee, Charity etc…
Name of Principle Contact
Address for Correspondence, phone number, fax, email, website
Address of Company's Registered Office
Full names of every director, partner, associate, company secretary
Date of Company Registration, number and copy of certificate
Details if company is a member of a holding company
Details of any subsidiaries Names of companies in which an interest is held
Names of guarantors
Details of any changes in ownership or activities in the last/next five years Company's principal trading activity
Have any directors, partners or associates gone into receivership or been liquidated?
Have any directors, partners or associates been employed by or related to Member or Officer of the Council?
Have any directors, partners or associates been involved in other providing other companies who provide services to the Council?
Details of any claims or litigation against the organisation


Financial Information
Past years' Financial Statements (they may want the last two years or more may be requested)
Balance Sheets Profit and Loss Accounts
Notes to the Accounts Director's Reports
Auditors Reports
Fund Flow Statements
Post Balance Sheet liabilities Current Year forecast
Annual Reports (maybe for more than one year)
Details of any security given or any loans
Description of any exceptional events that may affect the financial statements Name and Address of Banker
VAT Registration Number
Turnover in previous years
Turnover attributed to similar work as contract being bid for Proportion of work done by sub contractors
Public Liability Insurance (find out the minimum level of cover required by the contract)
Details of any claims
Employers Liability
Insurance Professional Indemnity
Insurance Fidelity
Insurance Risk Insurance
Any Other Insurance
Projected Profit

Technical Information
How many people are currently employed at different levels?
How many people will you employ to undertake the contract at each level?
Staff skills and qualifications
Management Structure Details of agency operatives or hire vehicles you may use Has the organisation had any contracts deducted, liquidated or terminated?
Has the organisation had any complaints upheld against it?
Has the organisation withdrawn from any contract prematurely?
Do you propose to sub contract?
Details of contacts for references from all or some of the organisations you currently have contracts with
Details of Plant, Equipment and Vehicles
Timetable for Introduction


Equal Opportunities
Copy of your policy
Does it conform to the Race Relations Act of 1976 and the Code of Practice for Employment 1983?
Has the organisation had any finding of racial discrimination made against it?
Has the organisation been investigated by the Commission for Racial Equality?
How does the organisation tackle equal opportunity in recruitment, training and promotion?
Do you recognise trade unions?


Health and Safety
A copy of your policy
Name of director responsible for H&S
Details of Safety Consultants
Details of prosecutions or investigations
How are H&S policies and procedures conveyed to staff?
Risk management


Environment

Copy of Environmental Policy
Who is named Director responsible for Environmental Issues?
Are you accredited with ISO 14001 or BS7750?
Details of any prosecutions

Quality
Copy of Quality Standards Policy
Name of director responsible for Quality
Are you accredited with ISO 9001?

Other Method Statements or Details Required
Customer Care
Communications Strategy
Management of the Client/Contractor relationship
Best Value
How you will contribute to the Authority's Corporate Plan?
Pricing Schedules

Other Forms Requiring Signature of Directors
Form of Tender
Bona Fide Certificate
Certificate as to Canvassing Tenders' Warranties

Funding from the Social, Economic and Environmental Development (SEED) Programme has enabled the development of this CRN information sheet as part of the CRN's information project. The SEED Programme is an award partner of the New Opportunities Fund, a National Lottery 'good cause' distributor, in its Green Spaces and Sustainable Communities funding programme. . The SEED Programme aims to stimulate local economic development and support community enterprise, promoting sustainability and helping disadvantaged communities improve the quality of their environment.

The information provided reflects information compiled for the date of issue. Information of this nature is subject to change. No warranty of accuracy or completeness is expressed or implied.

The Community Recycling Network is the umbrella organisation for more than 300 community groups, co-operatives and not-for-profit businesses in the community waste sector. Its aim is to promote community-based recycling as the most effective way of tackling the UK's growing waste problem. Its members have achieved some of the highest recycling rates in the UK.Community Recycling Network, Trelawny House, Surrey Street, Bristol, BS2 8PS, Tel: (0117) 942 0142Fax:(0117) 9080416 Email:info@crn.org.uk Website:http://www.crn.org.uk.

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Last updated: 21 July 2008